Imbaraga nyinshi zipakurura umuzenguruko hamwe ninama yumutwaro, nini, iremereye, ihenze, kwishyiriraho ntibyoroshye nibindi.EAK super water-cooled load resistance kugirango igufashe gukemura imbaraga nini, ingano nto, ihendutse nibindi byiza byinshi.
Byongeye kandi, haba mu binyabiziga byamashanyarazi n’ibivange, feri yubuzima bushya nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kugarura ingufu mukwishyuza bateri, ariko rimwe na rimwe igarura ingufu zirenze iyo bateri ishobora gukora.Ibi ni ukuri cyane kubinyabiziga binini nk'amakamyo, bisi n'imashini zitari mu muhanda, Izi modoka zitangira kumanuka ndende kumanuka hafi ako kanya iyo bateri zuzuye.Aho kohereza amashanyarazi arenze kuri bateri, igisubizo nukuyohereza kuri feri irwanya feri cyangwa umurongo wa feri irwanya feri ikoresha imbaraga zo guhindura ingufu zamashanyarazi mubushyuhe, no kwirukana ubushyuhe mukirere gikikije.Intego nyamukuru ya sisitemu ni kubungabunga ingaruka za feri mugihe urinze bateri kurenza urugero mugihe cyo gufata feri nshya, kandi kugarura ingufu nigitekerezo cyingirakamaro. "EAK igira iti:" Sisitemu imaze gukora, hariho inzira ebyiri zo gukoresha ubushyuhe ".Ati: “Imwe ni ugushyushya bateri.Mu gihe c'itumba, bateri irashobora gukonja bihagije kugirango iyangize, ariko sisitemu irashobora kubuza ko bibaho.Urashobora kandi kuyikoresha kugirango ushushe akazu. ”
Mu myaka 15-20, aho bishoboka, feri izasubirana imbaraga, ntabwo ari imashini: ibi bitera amahirwe yo kubika no gukoresha ingufu za feri nshya, aho kuyikwirakwiza nkubushyuhe bwimyanda.Ingufu zirashobora kubikwa muri bateri yikinyabiziga cyangwa muburyo bwabafasha, nka flawheel cyangwa supercapacitor.
Mu binyabiziga byamashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwa DBR bwo kwinjiza no kuyobora ingufu bifasha feri nshya.Feri ishya ikoresha ingufu za kinetic zirenze kugirango zishyire bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi.
Irabikora kuko moteri mumodoka yamashanyarazi irashobora kugenda mubyerekezo bibiri: imwe ikoresha amashanyarazi mugutwara ibiziga no kwimura imodoka, naho ubundi ikoresha ingufu za kinetic zirenze kugirango zishyire bateri.Mugihe umushoferi ateruye ikirenge kuri pedal ya gaze agakanda kuri feri, moteri irwanya icyerekezo cyimodoka, "Hindura icyerekezo," hanyuma itangira kongera gushyira ingufu muri bateri.Niyo mpamvu, feri ishya ikoresha moteri yibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nka generator, bigahinduka yatakaje imbaraga za kinetic mumbaraga zibitswe muri bateri.
Ugereranije, feri ivugurura iri hagati ya 60% na 70% ikora neza, bivuze ko hafi bibiri bya gatatu byingufu za kinetic yatakaye mugihe cyo gufata feri irashobora kugumana no kubikwa muri bateri ya EV kugirango byihute nyuma, ibi bizamura cyane ingufu zimodoka kandi byongerera ubuzima bwa bateri .
Ariko, feri ishya ntishobora gukora wenyine.DBR irasabwa kugirango iki gikorwa kigire umutekano kandi neza.Niba bateri yimodoka yamaze kuzura cyangwa sisitemu ikananirwa, ingufu zirenze urugero ntizishobora gutandukana, zishobora gutuma sisitemu ya feri yose idahomba.Kubwibyo, DBR yashyizweho kugirango ikwirakwize izo mbaraga zirenze, zidakwiriye gufata feri nshya, kandi ikwirakwiza neza nkubushyuhe.
Muburwanya bukonjesha amazi, ubu bushyuhe bushyushya amazi, bushobora noneho gukoreshwa ahandi mumodoka kugirango ushushe cab yimodoka cyangwa gushyushya bateri ubwayo, kubera ko imikorere ya bateri ifitanye isano nubushyuhe bwimikorere.
Umutwaro uremereye
DBR ntabwo ari ingenzi gusa muri sisitemu rusange yo gufata feri.Ku bijyanye na feri ya sisitemu yamakamyo aremereye (HGV), imikoreshereze yabo yongeraho urundi rwego.
Amakamyo aremereye cyane feri itandukanye n’imodoka kuko ntabwo yishingikiriza rwose kuri feri ikora kugirango itinde.Ahubwo, bakoresha sisitemu yo gufata feri yingoboka cyangwa kwihangana itinda ikinyabiziga hasi hamwe na feri yumuhanda.
Ntibishyuha vuba mugihe cyo kumanuka igihe kirekire kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kubora feri cyangwa kunanirwa na feri kumuhanda.
Mu makamyo aremereye y’amashanyarazi, feri irasubirana imbaraga, igabanya kwambara kuri feri yumuhanda no kongera ubuzima bwa bateri.
Ariko, ibi birashobora kuba bibi mugihe sisitemu yananiwe cyangwa ipaki ya batiri ntabwo yuzuye.Koresha DBR kugirango ukwirakwize ingufu zirenze muburyo bwubushyuhe kugirango utezimbere umutekano wa sisitemu yo gufata feri.
Kazoza ka hydrogen
Ariko, DBR ntabwo igira uruhare gusa muri feri.Tugomba kandi gutekereza uburyo zishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku isoko ryiyongera ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ya hydrogène (FCEV) .Mu gihe FCEV ishobora kuba idashoboka koherezwa henshi, ikoranabuhanga rirahari, kandi rwose rifite ibyerekezo birebire.
FCEV ikoreshwa na proton yo guhanahana membrane selile.FCEV ikomatanya lisansi ya hydrogène n'umwuka ikayijugunya muri selile ya lisansi kugirango ihindure hydrogene mumashanyarazi. Iyo mumbere ya selile ya lisansi, itera reaction ya chimique itera gukuramo electron muri hydrogen.Izi electron noneho zitanga amashanyarazi, abikwa muri bateri nto zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi.
Niba hydrogène ikoreshwa mu kuyikoresha ikomoka ku mashanyarazi aturuka ahantu hashobora kuvugururwa, ibisubizo ni uburyo bwo gutwara karubone rwose.
Ibicuruzwa byanyuma biva mu ngirabuzimafatizo ni amashanyarazi, amazi n'ubushyuhe, kandi ibyuka bihumanya ni imyuka y'amazi n'umwuka, bigatuma bihuza neza no gutangiza imodoka z'amashanyarazi.Ariko, bafite ibitagenda neza mubikorwa.
Ingirabuzimafatizo ntizishobora gukora munsi yumutwaro uremereye mugihe kirekire, zishobora gutera ibibazo mugihe cyihuta cyangwa cyihuta.
Ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya selile yerekana ko iyo selile itangiye kwihuta, ingufu za selile ya selile ziyongera buhoro buhoro kurwego runaka, ariko rero itangira kunyeganyega no kugabanuka, nubwo umuvuduko ukomeza kuba umwe.Izi mbaraga zitizewe zitera ikibazo kubakora imodoka.
Igisubizo nugushiraho selile kugirango zuzuze ingufu zisabwa kuruta ibikenewe.Kurugero, niba FCEV isaba kilowat 100 (kilowati) yingufu, gushiraho selile ya kilowati 120 bizatuma byibura 100 kilowate yingufu zisabwa zihora ziboneka, kabone niyo ingufu za selile zitanga ingufu.
Guhitamo igisubizo bisaba DBR gukuraho ingufu zirenze urugero ukora imirimo ya "Load group" mugihe bidakenewe.
Mugukoresha ingufu zirenze, DBR irashobora kurinda sisitemu yamashanyarazi ya FCEV kandi ikabashoboza gusubiza neza ingufu nyinshi zisabwa kandi kwihuta no kwihuta vuba utabitse ingufu zirenze muri bateri.
Abakora amamodoka bagomba gutekereza kubintu byinshi byingenzi bishushanya muguhitamo DBR kubikoresho byamashanyarazi.Ku binyabiziga byose bikoresha amashanyarazi (yaba bateri cyangwa selile ya lisansi), gukora ibice byoroheje kandi byoroshye bishoboka nibisabwa byibanze.
Nibisubizo byubusa, bivuze ko ibice bigera kuri bitanu bishobora guhurizwa hamwe mubice bimwe kugirango bigere kuri 125kW yingufu zisabwa.
Ukoresheje uburyo bukonje bwamazi, ubushyuhe burashobora gukwirakwira neza bitabaye ngombwa ko hiyongeraho ibindi bikoresho, nkabafana, nka rezistor ikonjesha ikirere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-08-2024
